2.1.2 — Particle model

Core

2.1.2.1 — Describe the particle structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation and motion of particles, using simple particle diagrams
2.1.2.2 — Describe the relationship between the motion of particles and temperature, including the idea of absolute zero (−273 °C) where particles have least kinetic energy
2.1.2.3 — Describe the pressure of a gas and changes in pressure in terms of particle motion and collisions with a surface

2.1.2.4 — Know that the random motion of microscopic particles in a suspension is evidence for the kinetic particle model of matter
2.1.2.5 — Describe and explain this random motion (Brownian motion) in terms of collisions between microscopic particles and gas/liquid particles
2.1.2.6 — Know that the forces and distances between particles and their motion affect the properties of solids, liquids and gases
2.1.2.7 — Describe gas pressure and changes in pressure in terms of forces exerted by colliding particles creating force per unit area
2.1.2.8 — Know that microscopic particles may be moved by collisions with light fast-moving molecules, and correctly distinguish atoms/molecules from microscopic particles